Physical Therapy for Migraine Headaches
Migraine headaches can be debilitating, affecting millions of people worldwide. While medications are commonly used for managing migraines, physical Therapy offers a holistic approach that addresses the underlying causes and provides long-term relief.
 In this blog post, we will explore the role of Physical Therapy in managing migraine headaches and discuss various techniques and strategies employed by physical therapists to alleviate pain, improve function, and enhance the overall well-being of individuals living with migraines.
Anatomy of the Cervical Spine
Your neck is made up of seven cervical vertebrae, which are stacked on top of each other. The space between the bones contains soft intervertebral discs. There are joints on both sides of your neck where the bones connect. The cervical vertebrae protect your spinal cord and enable your neck to move in different directions, such as flexion, extension, rotation, and side bending.
Did you know that your upper cervical vertebrae play a vital role in supporting your skull? The joint on each side of cervical level one connects to the occiput of your head, facilitating movement.
The suboccipital area contains multiple muscles that aid in head movement and support while also serving as a pathway for nerves from the neck to the head. Any discomfort or headaches in this area may result from the muscles and nerves present.
Symptoms of Cervicogenic Migraine
Cervicogenic migraines, also known as cervical migraines, are headaches that originate from the neck and spread to the head. These migraines are typically caused by underlying cervical spine issues or neck disorders. While the symptoms can vary from person to person, here are some common signs and symptoms associated with cervicogenic migraines:
- Unilateral headache: The pain is usually experienced on one side of the head, although it can occasionally affect both sides.
- Neck pain: originates from the neck or base of the skull and radiates to the head, often following a specific path or distribution.
- Limited neck movement: Decreased range of motion and stiffness in the neck, often accompanied by muscle tightness and tenderness.
- Posture-related pain: Symptoms may worsen with specific head or neck movements, such as tilting the head or turning it to the affected side.
- Head pain triggered by neck movements: Activities that involve neck movements, such as prolonged sitting, driving, or working at a computer, can start or exacerbate the headache.
- Headache with or without aura: Some individuals may experience an atmosphere, which refers to visual disturbances like flashes of light or blind spots, before the onset of the headache. However, the aura is only sometimes present.
- Ain in the shoulder or arm: In addition to neck pain, cervicogenic migraines can cause pain in the shoulder, arm, or even the hand on the same side as the headache.
- Nausea and/or vomiting: Some people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms commonly associated with migraines, such as nausea and vomiting.
- Sensitivity to light and sound: Similar to other migraines, individuals with cervicogenic migraines may experience sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia).
If you suspect you have cervicogenic migraines, consult a medical provider for a thorough evaluation and appropriate treatment.
How Physical Therapy Can Help
Comprehensive Evaluation:
Physical therapists specializing in migraine management thoroughly evaluate the contributing factors and triggers specific to each individual. They assess posture, muscle imbalances, joint mobility, and movement patterns to determine the root causes of migraines.
Posture and Ergonomics:
Poor posture and ergonomics can contribute to muscle tension and trigger migraines. Physical therapists provide education and guidance on optimal posture and ergonomic modifications for workstations, sleep positions, and daily activities. Correcting postural imbalances can alleviate strain on the neck and upper back, reducing the frequency and intensity of migraines.
Manual Therapy Techniques:
Physical therapists utilize various manual techniques to address muscular tension, joint restrictions, and soft tissue abnormalities that may contribute to migraines. These techniques may include:
- Soft tissue mobilization: Targeted massage and manual techniques to release muscle tension and promote relaxation.
- Joint mobilization: Gentle movements are applied to specific joints to improve mobility and reduce pain.
- Myofascial release: Techniques that target tight fascia (connective tissue) to relieve tension and enhance flexibility.
Neck and Upper Back Strengthening:
Weakness and imbalances in the neck and upper back muscles can contribute to migraines. Physical therapists design specific exercises to strengthen these muscles and improve stability. Strengthening exercises help support the head and neck, reducing the strain on muscles and decreasing the frequency and severity of migraines.
Stretching and Relaxation Techniques:
Physical therapists teach individuals with migraines stretching exercises and relaxation techniques to relieve muscle tension and promote overall relaxation. These techniques can help manage stress and reduce the frequency of migraines. Deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, and yoga-based stretches are commonly employed to promote relaxation and reduce headache symptoms.
Lifestyle Modifications:
Physical therapists guide lifestyle modifications to help manage migraines. This may include recommendations for exercise routines, sleep hygiene, stress management techniques, and dietary adjustments. Individuals can better control their migraines and improve their well-being by identifying triggers and making appropriate lifestyle modifications.
Education and Self-Management:
Physical therapists empower individuals with knowledge about their condition and effective self-management strategies. They educate patients on recognizing early warning signs, implementing relaxation techniques, and modifying activities to prevent migraines. By promoting self-awareness and equipping individuals with self-care tools, physical therapists empower patients to manage their migraines actively.
Physical Therapy for migraine headaches in Michigan
Find relief from migraine headaches with the power of physical Therapy! Back2health offers specialized treatments to address the underlying neck and spine issues contributing to cervicogenic migraines. Say goodbye to pain and hello to a headache-free life.
Conclusion
Physical Therapy provides a comprehensive approach to managing migraines, addressing underlying causes, and promoting long-term relief. Physical therapists play a vital role in reducing migraines’ frequency, duration, and intensity by combining manual therapy techniques, strengthening exercises, posture correction, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modifications.Â
If you suffer from migraines, consider consulting with a physical therapist specializing in headache management to develop a personalized treatment plan and reclaim control over your life. Remember, relief is possible, and Physical Therapy can be your partner in managing and minimizing migraines.